Knowledge of the size and composition of the global building stock is essential for understanding the building environment and the potential market for new energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies. Commercial, residential, and industrial buildings are responsible for 49% of the world’s energy consumption and 47% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Much of this energy is consumed needlessly and can be reduced through cost-effective measures.
Hard data describing the size and character of the global building footprint is scarce. Several countries, such as the United States, conduct periodic energy consumption surveys of the residential, commercial, and/or industrial building stock of their own building stock. In addition, several other countries record construction activity for certain specific building types using metrics like construction/housing starts or other construction process submittals. However, a number of gaps remain in the building types covered and in the years for which data are available, and data sets for countries can vary widely in their estimates of the total stock.
This Pike Research report provides data and forecasts on the size and growth of the global building stock from 2011 to 2021 as well as a qualitative description of key drivers and trends in the building stock. The data covers eight commercial building types (office, retail, education, healthcare, hotels and restaurants, institutional/assembly, warehouse, and transport) and two residential building types (single-family detached and multi-unit residential) for seven regions worldwide.
Key Questions Addressed:
- What is the total size of the building stock today and how will it grow between now and 2021?
- How much space is dedicated to commercial end-uses such as office, retail, and education?
- Which commercial building types will see the strongest growth over time?
- What are the main indicators and trends that dictate the size and composition of the building stock?
- What regions will witness the most growth in the commercial building stock?
- Is there more single-family detached or multi-unit residential space on a global scale?
- How does the composition of residential buildings vary from country to country?
- How do living patterns vary from region to region and how do these differences influence the size of the residential building stock?
Who needs this report?
- Building systems service providers
- HVAC equipment vendors
- Global architecture, engineering, and construction firms
- Green building design and construction firms
- Energy service companies
- Multinational corporations
- International real estate companies
- Utilities and other energy providers
- Environmental agencies
- Government agencies
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
1.1 Overview
1.2 Scope of Coverage and Methodology
2. Market Issues
2.1 Methodology
2.1.1 Literature Review of Secondary Resources
2.1.2 Quantitative Model
2.1.2.1 Key Building Stock Growth Metrics
2.1.2.2 Other Building Stock Growth Metrics
2.1.2.3 Commercial Building Types
2.1.2.3.1 Office
2.1.2.3.2 Retail
2.1.2.3.3 Education
2.1.2.3.4 Healthcare
2.1.2.3.5 Hotels & Restaurants
2.1.2.3.6 Institutional/Assembly
2.1.2.3.7 Warehouse
2.1.2.3.8 Transport
2.1.2.4 Residential Building Types
2.1.2.4.1 Single-Family Detached
2.1.2.4.2 Multi-Unit Residential
2.1.3 Building Stock Patterns
2.1.3.1 Geographic Segmentation
2.1.3.2 Definition of Gross Floor Area
2.1.3.3 Time Period
2.1.3.4 Units
2.1.3.5 Building Stock Growth
2.1.3.6 Vacancy
3. Forecasts
3.1 Overview
3.2 North America
3.2.1 United States
3.2.1.1 Commercial Buildings
3.2.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.2.2 Canada
3.2.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.2.2.2 Residential Buildings
3.2.3 Rest of North America
3.2.3.1 Commercial Buildings
3.2.3.2 Residential Buildings
3.3 Latin America
3.3.1 Brazil
3.3.1.1 Commercial Buildings
3.3.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.3.2 Rest of Latin America
3.3.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.3.2.2 Residential Buildings
3.4 Western Europe
3.4.1 United Kingdom
3.4.1.1 Commercial Buildings
3.4.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.4.2 Germany
3.4.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.4.2.2 Residential Buildings
3.4.3 France
3.4.3.1 Commercial Buildings
3.4.3.2 Residential Buildings
3.4.4 Rest of Western Europe
3.4.4.1 Commercial Buildings
3.4.4.2 Residential Buildings
3.5 Eastern Europe
3.5.1 Russia
3.5.1.1 Commercial Buildings
3.5.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.5.2 Rest of Eastern Europe
3.5.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.5.2.2 Residential Buildings
3.6 Asia Pacific
3.6.1 China
3.6.1.1 Commericial Buildings
3.6.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.6.2 India
3.6.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.6.2.2 Residential Buildings
3.6.3 Japan
3.6.3.1 Commercial Buildings
3.6.3.2 Residential Buildings
3.6.4 South Korea
3.6.4.1 Commercial Buildings
3.6.4.2 Residential Buildings
3.6.5 Australia
3.6.5.1 Commercial Buildings
3.6.5.2 Residential Buildings
3.6.6 Rest of Asia Pacific
3.6.6.1 Commercial Buildings
3.6.6.2 Residential Buildings
3.7 Middle East
3.7.1 United Arab Emirates
3.7.1.1 Commercial Buildings
3.7.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.7.2 Rest of the Middle East
3.7.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.7.2.2 Residential Buildings
3.8 Africa
3.8.1 South Africa
3.8.1.1 Commercial Buildings
3.8.1.2 Residential Buildings
3.8.2 Rest of Africa
3.8.2.1 Commercial Buildings
3.8.2.2 Residential Buildings
4. Appendix A: Countries and Other Political Entities by Region
4.1 North America
4.2 Latin America
4.3 Western Europe
4.4 Eastern Europe
4.5 Asia Pacific
4.6 Middle East
4.7 Africa
5. Acronym and Abbreviation List
6. Table of Contents
7. Table of Charts and Figures
8. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes
List of Charts and Figures
- Building Stock by Sector, World Markets: 2011-2021
- Building Stock by Region, World Markets: 2011-2021
- Share of Gross Domestic Product by Region, World Markets: 2009
- Total Building Space per Capita by Region, World Markets: 2011
- Population by Region, World Markets: 2010 and 2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, United States: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, United States: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Canada: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Canada: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, North America: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, North America: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Brazil: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Brazil: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Latin America Total: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Latin America Total: 2011-2021
- Relationship Between Building Stock and GDP, Europe: 2010
- Living Space per Capita, Europe: 2004
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, United Kingdom: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, United Kingdom: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Germany: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Germany: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, France: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, France: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Western Europe: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Russia: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Russia: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Eastern Europe: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Eastern Europe: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, China: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, China: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, India: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, India: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Japan: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Japan: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, South Korea: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, South Korea: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Australia: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Australia: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Asia Pacific: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Asia Pacific: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, United Arab Emirates: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, United Arab Emirates: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Middle East: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Middle East: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, South Africa: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, South Africa: 2011-2021
- Commercial Building Stock by Building Type, Africa: 2011-2021
- Residential Building Stock by Segment, Africa: 2011-2021
List of Tables
- Countries of North America
- Countries of Latin America
- Countries of Western Europe
- Countries of Eastern Europe
- Countries of Asia Pacific
- Countries of the Middle East
- Countries of Africa
- Building Stock, North America: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, United States: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Canada: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Greenland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, St. Pierre & Miquelon: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Latin America: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Brazil: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mexico: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Argentina: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Rest of Latin America (excl. Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina): 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Anguilla: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Antigua and Barbuda: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Aruba: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, The Bahamas: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Barbados: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Belize: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bermuda: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bolivia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, British Virgin Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cayman Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Chile: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Colombia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Costa Rica: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cuba: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Dominica: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Dominican Republic: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Ecuador: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, El Salvador: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Falkland Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Grenada: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Guatemala: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Guyana: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Haiti: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Honduras: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Jamaica: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Montserrat: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Netherlands Antilles (Former): 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Nicaragua: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Panama: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Paraguay: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Peru: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Puerto Rico: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Saint Helena: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Saint Kitts and Nevis: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Saint Lucia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Suriname: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Trinidad and Tobago: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Turks and Caicos Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Uruguay: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Venezuela 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Virgin Islands, US: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Western Europe: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, France: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Germany: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, United Kingdom: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Italy: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Spain: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Rest of Western Europe (excl. France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, and Spain): 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Andorra: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Austria: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Belgium: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cyprus: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Denmark: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Faroe Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Finland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Gibraltar: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Greece: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Guernsey: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Iceland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Ireland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Jersey: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Liechtenstein: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Luxembourg: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Malta: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Isle of Man: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Monaco: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, The Netherlands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Norway: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Portugal: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, San Marino: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Sweden: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Switzerland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Eastern Europe: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Russia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Albania: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Belarus: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bosnia and Herzegovina: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bulgaria: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Croatia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Czech Republic: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Estonia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Georgia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Hungary: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Latvia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Lithuania: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Macedonia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Moldova: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Montenegro: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Poland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Romania: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Serbia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Slovakia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Slovenia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Ukraine: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Asia Pacific: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, China: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Japan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, India: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, South Korea: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Australia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Rest of Asia (excl. China, Japan, India, South Korea, and Australia): 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Afghanistan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, American Samoa: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Armenia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Azerbaijan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bangladesh: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bhutan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Brunei: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Burma: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cambodia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Hong Kong: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Macau: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cook Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Fiji: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, French Polynesia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Indonesia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Kazakhstan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Kiribati: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, North Korea: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Kyrgyzstan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Laos: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Malaysia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Maldives: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Marshall Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mayotte: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Federated States of Micronesia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mongolia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Nauru: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Nepal: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, New Caledonia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, New Zealand: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Norfolk Island: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Northern Mariana Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Pakistan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Palau: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Papua New Guinea: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Philippines: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Samoa: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Seychelles: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Singapore: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Solomon Islands: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Sri Lanka: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Taiwan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Tajikistan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Thailand: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, East Timor: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Tonga: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Turkmenistan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Tuvalu: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Uzbekistan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Vanuatu: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Vietnam: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Wallis and Futuna: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Middle East: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Turkey: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Saudi Arabia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, United Arab Emirates: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Bahrain: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Iran: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Iraq: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Israel: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Jordan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Kuwait: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Lebanon: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Oman: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Palestinian Territory: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Qatar: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Syria: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Yemen: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Africa: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, South Africa: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Algeria: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Angola: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Benin: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Botswana: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Burkina Faso: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Burundi: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cameroon: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cape Verde: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Central African Republic: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Chad: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Comoros: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Democratic Republic of the Congo: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Republic of the Congo: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Cote d’Ivoire: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Djibouti: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Egypt: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Equatorial Guinea: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Eritrea: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Ethiopia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Gabon: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, The Gambia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Ghana: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Guinea: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Guinea-Bissau: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Kenya: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Lesotho: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Liberia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Libya: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Madagascar: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Malawi: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mali: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mauritania: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mauritius: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Morocco: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Mozambique: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Namibia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Niger: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Nigeria: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Rwanda: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Sao Tome and Principe: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Senegal: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Sierra Leone: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Somalia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Sudan and South Sudan: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Swaziland: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Tanzania: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Togo: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Tunisia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Uganda: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Western Sahara: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Zambia: 2011-2021
- Building Stock, Zimbabwe: 2011-2021
- Building Stock by Building Type, World Markets: 2011-2021
- Building Stock by Sector by Region, World Markets: 2011-2021